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Oxygen Delivery Devices - Flow Rates And FiO2

Oxygen delivery devices their flow rates and FiO2 And oxygen therapy education by oxford medical education.

Nasal cannulae

  • Deliver 24-30% oxygen
  • Flow rate 1-5L/min (5L will dry the nose, 2L is more comfortable)
  • Used in non-acute situations or if only mildly hypoxic (e.g. saturations stable at 92% in a patient without lung disease)
Nasal cannulae

Face mask

  • Delivers 30-40% oxygen
  • Flow rate 10-12L/min
Face mask

Non-rebreather mask

  • Delivers 85-90% oxygen
  • 15L flow rate
  • Bag on mask with valves stopping almost all rebreathing of expired air
Used for acutely unwell patients
    • Note that saturations should be maintained at 94-98%, not 100%.
    • Do not keep patients on 15L for longer than necessary as over-oxygenating for prolonged periods can be harmful.
Non-rebreather mask

Venturi mask

  • Delivers 24-60% oxygen
  • Different colors deliver different rates
  • Flow rate: Varies with color. 
  • The correct flow rate to use with each color it is shown on mask, along with the percentage of oxygen delivered.
Types:
  • BLUE = 2-4L/min = 24% O2
  • WHITE = 4-6L/min = 28% O2
  • YELLOW = 8-10L/min = 35% O2
  • RED = 10-12L/min = 40% O2
  • GREEN = 12-15L/min = 60% O2
Venturi masks are often used in COPD, where it is important not to over-oxygenate the patient.

Venturi masks

Non-invasive ventilation (CPAP/BiPAP): 

  • CPAP (continuous positive airways pressure)
    • High pressure air/oxygen with a tight-fitting mask
    • Positive pressure all the time to help keep airways open (split them)
    • Used in acute pulmonary edema and sleep apnea
  • BiPAP (bilevel positive airways pressure)
    • High positive pressure on inspiration and lower positive pressure on expiration
    • Used in exacerbations of COPD and ARDS

Invasive ventilation

  • Fully controlled oxygen delivery up to 100%
  • A ventilation bag or machine is attached to an artificial airway to ventilate lungs.
  • Used in intensive care and theatre

SUMMARY

Oxygen Delivery Devices - Flow Rates And FiO2


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