Contents
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindications
- Normal value
- Complication
What is ABG?
An arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) measures the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in your blood to see how well your lungs are working. It also measures the acid-base balance in the blood.
Definition:
"It is a diagnostic procedure in which a blood is obtained from an artery directly by an arterial puncture or accessed by a way of indwelling arterial catheter."
Indications
- To obtain information about patient ventilation (PCO2) , oxygenation (PO2) and acid base balance
- Monitor gas exchange and acid base abnormalities for patient on mechanical ventilator or not
- To evaluate response to clinical intervention and diagnostic evaluation ( oxygen therapy )
- An ABG test may be most useful when a person's breathing rate is increased or decreased or when the person has very high blood sugar levels, a severe infection, or heart failure
Contraindications
- Local infection
- Distorted anatomy
- Presence of arterio-venous fistulas
- Peripheral vascular disease of the limb to be sampled
- Severe coagulopathy or recent thrombolysis
Normal value
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| PH | 7.35 – 7.45 |
| PCO2 | 35 – 45 mmHg |
| PO2 | 80 – 100 mmHg |
| HCO3- | 22 – 28 mEq/L |
| SPO2 | 95-100% |
| Base Excess | +2,-2 |
Complications
- Arteriospasm
- Hematoma
- Hemorrhage
- Distal ischemia
- Infection
- Numbness